Healing & Salvation – Dr David Petts

In recent talks we saw several occasions where Jesus said Your faith has healed you.

The Greek word used here is sozo which can also mean save.

Does this mean that that healing is in some sense a part of salvation?

The answer to this question is NOT NECESSARILY.

Is healing a part of salvation?

The fact that sozo (which in the NT is usually translated ‘save’) is sometimes used to mean ‘heal’[1] has been used by some to argue that healing is included in salvation.  

John Nelson Parr (Divine Healing p26), for example, comments:

“If Peter included healing in ‘being saved’ (Acts 4:9) (…also note the same word in verse 12 twice), are we not justified in teaching that physical healing is included in the salvation purchased for us by the Prince of Life.?”.

This conclusion is invalid, however, because it involves an elementary error in semantics.

The fact that the same word is used twice in a passage does not necessarily imply that it is being used with the same meaning on both occasions.  

Nevertheless it will be helpful briefly to consider the meaning and use of sozo.

The meaning of sozo

The Greek verb is related to the adjective saos (safe) and means

‘to make safe’

and hence ‘to deliver from a direct threat’

and  ‘to bring safe and sound out of a difficult situation’.  

Foerster lists four major areas of meaning for sozo:

saving, keeping, benefiting, and preserving the inner being

Saving includes

• being snatched from peril especially in the context of war or of a sea-voyage
• ‘deliverance’ from judicial condemnation
• being ‘saved’ from an illness.

Keeping includes

• a king keeping a subject alive by granting pardon
• men being kept from perishing
• the spark of a fire being kept from going out
• lost money being ‘got back’, and of wine or goods being ‘kept’.

But sozo and soteria can have a purely positive content.  

Benefiting

• Prayer is offered to Zeus for the soteria of the nation, for peace, wealth, the growth of crops and cattle
• With regard to healing sozomai can mean not only to be cured but to be in good health
• the oath ten men soterian which means ‘by my health’.

preserving the inner being of men or things

• Plato thought that it was the task of the ruler to sozein the state by maintaining it as a constitutionally ordered state
• sozo and soteria often refer to the inner ‘health’ of man”.

So, long before the New Testament documents came to be written, sozo was being used in a wide variety of ways.   

It is noteworthy, however, that in all the examples mentioned above the root meaning of being made or kept safe is clearly discernible.  

This is also true of the use of sozo in the New Testament

Each meaning carries with it the underlying suggestion of being made or kept safe.

The use of sozo in the New Testament

New Testament writers use sozo and its cognates to mean being made or kept safe whenever such terminology is appropriate.   Three main ways:

• Acute danger to physical life
• Deliverance from disease
• Salvation

Acute danger to physical life

• In the stilling of the storm the disciples plead with Jesus to ‘save’ them (Matthew 8:25)
• Peter walking on the water (Matthew 14:30)
• In the accounts of the mocking of Jesus on the cross (Matthew 27:40-42, Mark15:30-31, Luke 23:39) he is challenged to ‘save’ himself.
• Paul’s shipwreck in Acts 27:20, 31, 34
• Hebrews 11:7 refers to Noah preparing the ark to save his household

Those who see healing as a part of salvation on the grounds that sozo is used to  mean ‘heal’ must, to be consistent, include deliverance from physical danger on the same grounds!

Such a position is of course clearly untenable in the light of NT teaching with regards to Christians who suffer persecution (e.g. 1 Peter, passim, Romans 8:35-39, 2 Corinthians 11:23-33).

Deliverance from disease

sozo is used to mean ‘heal’in:

• the healing of the woman with the issue of blood (Matthew 9:21-22, Mark 5:28, 34, Luke 8:48)
• the raising of Jairus’ daughter (Mark 5:23, Luke 8:50)
• the healing of blind Bartimaeus (Mark 10:52, Luke 18:42)
• Luke’s account of the deliverance of Legion from demon-possession (Luke 8:36)
• the healing of ten lepers (Luke17:19)
• Cripple at Beautiful Gate Acts 4:9
• Cripple at Lystra Acts 14:9
• James 5:15

So it’s clear that sozo is used in the New Testament to mean to deliver from both danger and disease.

But sozo and soteria in the New Testament mean far more than this.  

Salvation

The danger from which man needs to be saved is more than physical and by far the major emphasis of soteria in the New Testament is that of deliverance from sin.  

But does deliverance from sin automatically imply deliverance from sickness and danger?

It seems to me that although the use of sozo links deliverance from sickness with deliverance from sin linguistically

this need not in itself imply a theological connection.   

The New Testament writers did not develop a systematic theology of soteria subdivided into categories of physical and spiritual deliverance.

They used sozo wherever it might appropriately be used to mean ‘make safe’ or ‘deliver’.  

So to argue from the use of sozo for anything more than a linguistic connection between those uses may possibly indicate a misunderstanding of the nature of language.

Nevertheless it seems likely that writers sometimes took advantage of cases of physical deliverance

e.g. the healing of blind Bartimaeus to illustrate the principles of spiritual deliverance – how those who are spiritually ‘blind’ might, through faith in Jesus ‘see’

But to say this is not to confuse the illustration itself with the truth it illustrates.  

Healing may illustrate salvation without being part of it.  

Thus Parr’s claim, based on the use of sozo in Acts 4:9-12, that ‘physical healing is included in the salvation purchased for us’  is shown to be invalid.

[Below is the chapter from the book, Just a Taste of Heaven, on which this podcast episode is based]

The Power of the Spirit

Isaiah predicted that when the Messiah would come the Spirit of the Lord would be upon him in order that he might preach good news to the poor, proclaim freedom to those who were captive, and proclaim the year of the Lord’s favour (Isaiah 61:1-2)

In Luke 4:18-19 Jesus claimed that this prophecy was now fulfilled. This is important in our understanding of Luke’s Gospel because it illustrates Luke’s emphasis that Jesus performed his miracles by the power of the Holy Spirit.

Luke 3:21-22 tells us that just after Jesus was baptised by John in the River Jordan the Holy Spirit descended on him. As a result of this he returned from the Jordan full of the Holy Spirit (Luke 4:1), and in 4:14 he returns to Galilee in the power of the Spirit.

This may also be reflected in Luke 5:17 where we are told that the power of the Lord was present for him to heal the sick (cf. 6:17:19).

In this chapter we will consider three healings recorded by Luke, two of which are not recorded in any other Gospel:

• The paralytic(5:17-26)
• The womanwith curvature of the spine (13:10-17)
• The ten lepers(17:11-19).

The paralytic (5:17-26)

Luke begins by saying that the power of the Lord was present for him to heal the sick (v.17). This statement raises important questions:

1. Wasn’t God’s power always present with Jesusto heal the sick?
2. If it was, then why does Lukebother to mention it?

And these questions raise a further question,

3. Did Jesuswork his miracles by virtue of the fact that he was God, or did he (even though he was God) perform them as a man through the power of the Holy Spirit?

The answer to this last question must surely be that Jesus performed his miracles as a man, by the power of the Holy Spirit. How else could he tell his disciples that anyone who had faith in him could do similar, and even greater, works (John 14:12)? This would only be possible because of the Holy Spirit whom Jesus would send.

If this answer to question 3 is correct, then the answer to question 1 must be that Jesus only worked his miracles when led by the Holy Spirit to do so (cf John 5:19).

The answer to question 2, therefore, is that Luke mentions that the power of the Lord was present to heal, to emphasise that at that moment the Holy Spirit was empowering Jesus to heal and leading him to do so.

If this understanding is right, then it will clearly have implications for us as we minister to the sick today. If Jesus ministered to them as he was led and empowered by the Holy Spirit to do so, then how much more do we need the Spirit’s leading and empowering?

But we must now turn to the account of the healing itself. Here is how Luke describes it:

18 Some men came carrying a paralytic on a mat and tried to take him into the house to lay him before Jesus.

19 When they could not because of the crowd, they went up on the roof and lowered him on his mat through the tiles into the middle of the crowd, right in front of Jesus. 20 When Jesus saw their faith, he said, “Friend, your sins are forgiven.”

21 The Pharisees and teachers of the law began thinking to themselves, “Who is this fellow who speaks blasphemy? Who can forgive sins, but God alone?”

22 Jesus knew what they were thinking and asked, “Why are you thinking these things in your hearts? 23 Which is easier; to say, ‘Your sins are forgiven’, or to say, ‘Get up and walk’?

24 But that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins…” He said to the paralysed man, “I tell you, get up, take your mat and go home”.

25 Immediately he stood up in front of them, took what he had been lying on and went home praising God.

The following points are worthy of note:

• It seems that in this case it is not the sick man, but his friends who take the initiative(v. 18). Indeed it appears to be their faith (v. 20) to which Jesus  In this respect it is similar to the healing of the centurion’s servant in Matthew 8. This teaches us that it is not always the faith of the sick person that is the basis for the healing.
• Jesussays, Your sins are forgiven, before he performs the healing (v.20). Why? 3 possibilities:

1. It may indicate that the man’s sickness had come as a result of personal sin– or even that the sick man believed it had!
2. It’s possible, too, that by demonstrating his authorityto forgive sins, Jesus is seeking to stress his Messianic authority to the critical Pharisees.
3. However, it seems just as likely that he is showing his audience that the forgivenessof sins is more important than the healing of disease.

• The story demonstrates Jesus’ authorityas the Son of Man (v. 24), a Messianic title. It implies his deity. The Pharisees were right to say that only God has the right to forgive sins, they just didn’t realise that Jesus was God. (Not his miracles, but his authority to forgive sins).

The woman with curvature of the spine (13:10-17)

Only found in Luke’s Gospel.

The Bible indicates that some sickness is the result of personal sin, as may have been the case with the man we considered in the last section.

At other times, though by no means always, it may be caused by the activity of Satan, as the next passage clearly shows:

10 On a Sabbath Jesus was teaching in one of the synagogues,

11 and a woman was there who had been crippled by a spirit for eighteen years. She was bent over and could not straighten up at all.

12 When Jesus saw her, he called her forward and said to her, “Woman, you are set free from your infirmity”.

13 Then he put his hands on her, and immediately she straightened up and praised God.

14 Indignant because Jesus had healed on the Sabbath, the synagogue ruler said to the people, “There are six days for work. So come and be healed on those days, not the Sabbath”.

15 The Lord answered him, “You hypocrites! Doesn’t each of you on the Sabbath untie his ox or donkey from the stall and lead it out to give it water?

16 Then should not this woman, a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan has kept bound for eighteen long years, be set free on the Sabbath day from what bound her?

This passage, like the last we considered, describes a confrontation between Jesus and the religious authorities of that day.

Again the passage is used to demonstrate Jesus’ authority, this time to heal on the Sabbath. It also shows the rejection of that authority by the Jewish leaders to whom Luke intends the parable of the fig tree in verses 6-9 to be a warning.

This shows that the main purpose of the passage may not have been to teach about healing as such, but to highlight again the failure of the Jewish authorities to recognise who Jesus was, and to show Jesus’ righteous indignation at man-made regulations which only brought God’s people into bondage.

Nevertheless, there are several aspects of the story which enlighten us with regard to healing:

• Here is an example, similar to the case of the healing of Peter’smother-in-law, where it is Jesus, not the sick person who takes the initiative (v.12).
• There is no mention of faithon the part of the woman. Jesus heals her as soon as he sees her (v.12). This is another indication of Jesus’ willingness to heal.
• There is no suggestion that the sickness was caused by sin. It was caused by ‘a spirit’ (v. 11) acting as an agent of Satan(v. 16). This is not demon-possession. Jesus does not cast it out. He does not address the spirit, he speaks to the woman, tells her she is free and lays hands on her. Immediately she is healed.
• However, more important than the cause of the sickness is the clear implication that as one of God’s people the womanhad a right to be healed (v. 16).
• The passage clearly shows that compassionis more important than legalism. Compare Luke 14:1-6 where Jesus heals a man suffering from dropsy on the Sabbath and leaves the Pharisees and legal experts speechless!

The ten lepers (17:11-19)

This story, too, is only found in Luke’s Gospel. He tells us that as Jesus was going to Jerusalem, travelling along the border between Samaria and Galilee, ten men who had leprosy met him. They stood at a distance, as lepers were required to, and called out in a loud voice, Jesus, Master, have pity on us! Then Luke tells us:

14 When Jesus saw them, he said, “Go, show yourselves to the priests”. And as they went, they were cleansed.

15 One of them, when he saw he was healed, came back, praising God in a loud voice.

16 He threw himself at Jesus’ feet and thanked him – and he was a Samaritan.17 Jesus asked, “Were not all ten cleansed? Where are the other nine?

18 Was no-one found to return and give praise to God except this foreigner?”19 Then he said to him, “Rise and go; your faith has made you well”.

Note:

The failure of the Jews to recognise Jesus for who he was. The nine Jewish lepers who were healed and yet failed to come back to give thanks may well be taken to symbolise the ingratitude of Israel as a whole, despite the many blessings which Jesus brought to them.

One obvious lesson from this story, therefore, is the importance of gratitude.

The importance of faith.

This is seen in the lepers’ initial plea for pity. It implies that they believed Jesus could help them.

Furthermore, Jesus’ instruction, which is given before they are healed, that they must go and show themselves to the priest (cf. Matthew 8:4 where the leper is told to go after Jesus has healed him), surely implies the demand that they should act in faith. It is only as they go that they are cleansed (v. 14).

Jesus’ last words to the grateful Samaritan leper, Rise and go; your faith has made you well.

Jesus’ statement here[1] is identical to what he said when speaking to the woman whose bleeding was healed when she touched his cloak (Mark 5:34). There we suggested that Mark might have intended us to understand that the woman received more than healing for her body. At the very least, we argued, Mark was using a miracle of healing as an illustration of salvation, and it seems likely that this is also Luke’s intention in the story of the grateful leper.

Conclusion

• Jesus performed his healings by the power of the Spirit and as he was led by the Spirit. This is where his authority sprang from.
• The forgiveness of sins is more important than the healing of the body.
• Some sicknesses may be caused by personal sin. Others may be inflicted by Satan.
• Faith features strongly in healing. It is sometimes the faith of the sick person, but it may be the faith of friends. Sometimes that faith is tested. In some cases faith is not mentioned at all.
• Miracles of healing may be powerful illustrations of God’s saving power. This may indicate that in some sense healing is a part of salvation. (Next time)

In his Gospel Mark tells us how great crowds followed Jesus.

In 1:28 we read that because of his miracles, news about him spread quickly over the whole region

1:32-34 the people brought to Jesus all the sick and demon-possessed. The whole town gathered at the door and Jesus healed many who had various diseases.

2:2     So many gathered that there was no room left, not even outside the door…

2:13   A large crowd came to him and he began to teach them.

3:7     A large crowd from Galilee followed

3:9     Because of the crowd he told his disciples to have a small boat ready….

3:32   A crowd was sitting around him…

4:1     The crowd that gathered around him was so large that he got into a boat…

That brings us to 5:21, where again we read that a large crowd had gathered.

But, of course, crowds are made up of individuals, and in this passage Mark tells us of two of individuals who were part of the crowd.

Read Mark 5:21-43 – A Dead Girl & a Sick Woman 

Jairus and the woman we have just read about are examples. Their needs represent the needs of many in the crowd, and the needs of many even today – perhaps even your need.

The differences between them

Jairus had everything                         The woman had everything against her

Man                                                   Woman

named                                               unnamed

ruler of synagogue                            excluded from synagogue

health and wealth                              sickness and poverty

Despite these differences, there was so much they had in common:
What they had in common

Both faced insoluble problems

Jairus daughter was dead (v35)

The woman was beyond medical help (v26)

What to do when you face an insoluble problem

Humble yourself in submission to Jesus

Jairus fell at his feet (v22)                  She fell at his feet (v33)

Put your trust completely in him

To the woman Jesus says, Daughter, your faith has healed you (v34)

(It’s never too late with Jesus – even after 12 years – both had a 12 year old

problem!))

To Jairus he says, Don’t be afraid; just keep on believing (Gk) (v36)

(This shows he must have had faith right from the start – although not mentioned)

The reward for faith – problems solved

The woman, the moment she reached out in faith and touched him (v29)

Jairus’ faith, however was tested – keep on believing (v36)

But Jesus does more than solve problems

He gives:

(to the woman, v 34)

ACCEPTANCE (daughter)

PEACE (shalom)

FREEDOM (be freed)

SALVATION (sozo = save)

NEW LIFE (v42)    (to Jairus’ daughter)

[Below is the chapter from the book, Just a Taste of Heaven, on which this podcast is based]

In the last chapter, as we considered various causes of sickness, we noted that, since Christ’s death on the cross both atoned for sin and won a victory over Satan, it is possible to understand that healing from sickness is a result of his redemptive work on the cross.  But that is not to say that he died for our sicknesses in the same way that he died for our sins as some teach. I have discussed this doctrine fully elsewhere[1], so in this chapter I will simply give a brief explanation of the doctrine and then summarise my findings with regard to two ‘proof-texts’ that are commonly used to support it.

Explanation of the Doctrine

The doctrine that Jesus died for our sicknesses as well as our sins probably originated in the Holiness Movement in America towards the end of the nineteenth century[2].   It was adopted by the early Pentecostals and forms part of the basis of faith of many major Pentecostal denominations today[3].   It also forms part of the teachings of the Faith movement[4]. In its simplest form the doctrine may be defined as follows:

The view that Christians may claim healing from sickness on the grounds that Christ has already carried that sickness for them just as he has carried their sins[5].

At first sight this teaching seems very attractive. All you have to do is claim your healing by faith and you will be healed! But on closer investigation it becomes clear that there are great difficulties with it, and various modifications have been suggested[6].  We will consider this in more detail later, but in this chapter we will simply examine the two major ‘proof – texts’ that are used to support this doctrine, Matthew 8.17 and 1 Peter 2.24.

The argument from Matthew 8:17

Put quite simply, the argument is as follows:

1. Matthew 8:16 records that Jesus healed all the sick.
2. Matthew 8:17 tells us that he did this to fulfil Isaiah 53:4.
3. But the NT shows us elsewhere that Isaiah 53 is a prophecy of the crucifixion.
4. Therefore Jesus carried our sicknesses on the cross as well as our sins.

However, although points 1-3 of the above argument are correct, the conclusion (point 4) is not valid. The difficulty with it is that in this passage Matthew does not use the quote from Isaiah to refer to the cross.   He says it was fulfilled in Jesus’ healing ministry long before he died on the cross. Matthew deals with Jesus’ death on the cross in Chapters 26-27 and nowhere in these chapters does he suggest that Jesus died for our sicknesses. Here in Chapter 8 he is describing events that took place during Jesus’ healing ministry in Galilee about three years before his death. But to explain this further we need to look at the context of Matthew 8:17 in a little more detail.

Matthew 8:17 – its immediate context

Matthew 8: 16-17 tells us that Jesus cast out evil spirits and healed all the sick in order to fulfil the prophecy of Isaiah 53:4, He took up our infirmities and carried our diseases.   Earlier in the chapter Matthew has given us some specific examples of Jesus’ healing ministry – the leper (vv. 1-4), the centurion’s servant (vv. 5-13), Peter’s mother-in-law (vv. 14-15).   Verse 16 may well be intended as a summary of these healings and others like them which he performed that evening. Then, in verse 17 he tells us that Jesus did all this to fulfil the prophecy of Isaiah 53:4, which he quotes. But why does he do this?

The most natural way to interpret his use of this verse is to understand the quote to be a confirmation that Jesus was fulfilling his role of healing the sick in accordance with prophecy about the ministry of the Messiah. But this raises very important questions like why Matthew wrote his gospel, and why and how he uses Old Testament quotations[7] like the one in verse 17.

Why did Matthew write his Gospel?

Certain distinctive characteristics in Matthew indicate that his major purpose in writing his Gospel was connected with the needs of the Jewish people of his day[8].    This is evident from:

• Matthew’s portrayal of Jesusas the fulfilment of OT hopes
• his application of OT texts to the life and ministryof Jesus
• his attitude to OT lawand to the tradition of Jewish scribal teaching
• his accounts of Jesus’ confrontation with the official representatives of the Jewishnation and religion
• his understanding of the Christianchurch with respect to Judaism
• his use of OT quotations (of which Matthew 8:17 is one).

Now the fact that Matthew is writing largely for the Jewish people of his day is highly relevant to a correct understanding of Matthew 8:17, as this is one example among many of how Matthew quotes the Old Testament to prove that Jesus is the long-awaited Messiah because he is the fulfilment of Old Testament prophecy. To understand this further, we need to consider now his use of what have been called formula quotations.

Matthew’s use of ‘formula’ quotations from the OT

There are ten quotations[9] in which Matthew includes the ‘formula’

that what was spoken by the prophet might be fulfilled

or

then was fulfilled what was spoken by the prophet.

Matthew uses these because he is seeking to present Jesus as the fulfilment of all of Israel’s hopes and ideals and in so doing to show the Jews of his day that Jesus is the Messiah. So, because the Jews expected the Messiah to be one who would heal the sick, Matthew uses Isaiah 53:4 as evidence that the healing ministry of Jesus showed that he was the one they had been waiting for.

And, as we have already seen, since Matthew does not apply this scripture to Jesus’ death on the cross but to his healing the sick in Galilee, there is really no basis for saying that he is teaching us that Jesus died for our sicknesses as well as our sins, unless, of course we understand him to be pointing forward to the cross on the grounds that he is writing after the cross. However, if that were so, why doesn’t he explain this teaching more clearly and mention it while he is narrating the story of the crucifixion in Chapters 26-27? Moreover, as LFW Woodford has pointed out[10], it is noteworthy that whenever Matthew uses a ‘formula’ quotation

he draws upon the scriptures quoted in order to relate their fulfilment to the actual events there and then recorded, as (e.g.) the Virgin Birth… In this passage (8:17) Matthew was not referring to our Lord’s coming passion when he drew upon this quotation, but he was referring to the actual events he was then describing.

This fact strongly suggests that Matthew is not pointing us forward to the cross at all, and the obvious way to read Matthew 8:17 is to understand him as saying that Isaiah 53:4 was fulfilled in Jesus’ healing ministry, not on the cross.  But that leads us to another ‘proof-text’ that is often used to support the doctrine that Jesus carried our sicknesses on the cross – 1 Peter 2:24.

The argument from 1 Peter 2:24

The last part of 1 Peter 2:24 states, By his wounds you were healed. In this section we will consider why it’s important to understand this correctly. I am going to argue, as I mentioned in Chapter 2, that the word healed in this verse is used metaphorically and should not be taken literally to apply to the healing of disease. A simple look at the context will show this very clearly.

Peter’s first letter was written at a time when the church was undergoing persecution and its main theme could be summarised as suffering now, future glory. This is seen in several passages such as 1:6-7, 11; 4:12-13, 19; 5:10. At no point in the letter does Peter discuss sickness or divine healing. 1 Peter 2:24 is part of a passage which encourages Christians to be submissive to those who are in authority (2:13 – 3:6).   This passage falls naturally into three sections which deal in turn with:

1. submission to rulers(2:13-17)
2. submission to masters(2:18-25)
3. submission to husbands(3:1-6).

We will deal with (1) briefly as it serves as an introduction to (2) which we will deal with in detail. We will not need to consider (3).

Submission to rulers (2:13-17)

Peter says that as Christians we are to submit ourselves to those in authority so that by our good behaviour we may put to silence those who accuse us (vv. 13-17).   We are free, but we must not use our freedom as an excuse for doing wrong, for despite our freedom we are God’s slaves (v.16).   So we submit to those in authority because we are submitted to God. It is for the Lord’s sake that we submit to authority, no matter what form that authority may take (v.13).

Submission to masters (2:18-25)

From the previous section we see that submission to human authority is an expression of our submission to divine authority. This should enable us meekly to accept the decisions of those who have authority over us.   At the time that Peter was writing, this was of special relevance to slaves[11] and Peter speaks to them specifically in verses 18-25 telling them to submit to their masters even if they are harsh.   It’s quite likely that they will have to put up with unfair treatment and will suffer unjustly (vv. 19-20). If this occurs they are to remember that they are called by Christ’s own example to endure it (vv.20 – 21)[12]. Jesus is the supreme example of an innocent person who suffered unjustly!

There is no suggestion in these verses that Christians do not need to suffer because Christ has already suffered for them.   Quite the opposite is indicated.   The Christian who suffers for doing good must endure it patiently knowing that this is God’s will for him, for Christ himself has set an example for him to follow (vv.20 – 21)[13].

Verses 22-25 (cf. Isaiah 53) set forth the sufferings of Christ as the supreme example of the innocent suffering unjustly. They demonstrate the principle, already stated in v.21, that Christ’s sufferings are an example for the Christian to follow. The statements that:

• Christwas innocent (v. 22),
• he refused to retaliate or complain (v.23),
• he committed of himself to God(v.23)

are all clearly intended as an example and an encouragement to the Christian slave who is suffering unjust punishment.   Furthermore, such an interpretation of these verses is completely in harmony with the teaching concerning suffering elsewhere in the letter[14].

But Christ’s innocence, his non-retaliation, and his committing himself to God are not the only encouragement to the Christian who is suffering unjust punishment. He is encouraged even more by the results of Christ’s suffering. Jesus’ death was not in vain! It purchased our salvation!

The sense of purposelessness felt by those enduring unjustly inflicted suffering is softened for the Christian by the realisation that Christ’s sufferings were by no means without purpose. Verses 24-25 remind us of this.   Christ’s sufferings were redemptive.   The innocent slave who is unjustly beaten by his master is reminded that Christ too was unjustly punished, but not without purpose for Christ bore our sins that we might die to sin and live to righteousness (v.24) and as a result the wandering sheep has returned to the shepherd (v.25).   Perhaps the slave might understand that his suffering too is not without a purpose, even though he might not understand what that purpose might be. Nevertheless, although there is no suggestion here that the slaves’ suffering might be redemptive in the sense that Christ’s suffering is redemptive, the suggestion might well be that by following Christ’s example in enduring unjust suffering meekly the slaves might, by their Christ-like attitude, win others to Christ (Cf. the instruction to wives in 3:1).

But that brings us now to by whose wounds you were healed which we are seeking to understand. To do so correctly we must bear in mind the context. Peter is presenting to slaves, who were sometimes unjustly treated, the example of Christ whose suffering provides the pattern for all who suffer unjustly.  And the relevance of the phrase by whose wounds you were healed in a passage addressed to slaves who were sometimes unjustly flogged is obvious.

The word translated as wounds is mōlōps which means a bruise, scar, or weal left by a lash and describes a physical condition with which the slaves were very familiar.  To slaves who were unjustly beaten Peter points out that Christ too was beaten, and because of the wounds inflicted upon him they have been ‘healed’.  The fact that Peter says you were healed rather than we are healed (Isaiah 53:5) highlights the fact that it is particularly the slaves who are addressed here for it is for them that the use of the word mōlōps (wounds) is especially significant.

But in what sense had the slaves been ‘healed’?   Peter obviously intends them to understand here the forgiveness of their sins. He is talking about ‘healing’ from the wounds of sin. This is clear from the following facts:

• Immediately before this Peterhas said that Christ bore our sins that we might die to sin and live to righteousness
• He uses the conjunction for in verse 25 thus identifying their ‘healing’ in verse 24 as what took place when as sheep going astray they returned to the shepherd (v.25). The fact that no such conjunction is found in Isaiah53:6 may indicate that Peter is especially stressing this connection and certainly suggests that the ‘healing’ referred to is spiritual[15]. You were healed is undoubtedly a reference to the slaves’ conversion.

Furthermore, to seek to understand the ‘healing’ as physical seems to be totally inappropriate.   There is no reference to the healing of disease anywhere in the epistle, let alone in the immediate context. The ‘healing’ referred to clearly means a spiritual wholeness which results from Christ’s bearing our sins on the cross and our return, as sheep who had gone astray, to the shepherd and guardian of our souls. The passage is, in fact, an encouragement to Christians to endure suffering, not a means of escape from it.

Conclusion

In this chapter we have shown that Matthew takes Isaiah 53:4 and applies it to healing, but NOT the cross.   Peter takes Isaiah 53:5 and applies it to the cross, but NOT to physical healing.   This means that neither verse supports the teaching that Jesus died for sickness as well as sin. However, as I have already suggested, there is a sense in which healing may be understood to be in the atonement[16], but that does not mean that Jesus died for our sicknesses just as he died for our sins.

In fact, when taken to an extreme, this doctrine can be very dangerous. For example, if we understand, as some do, that By his wounds you were healed (1 Peter 2:24) means that Jesus’ death was our healing and that, therefore, we cannot really be sick because Jesus has already healed us by his death, we are led into denying that we are sick and claiming that we are already ‘healed’, when in fact we may be seriously ill and in need of medical treatment. There are even cases of people who have died prematurely because of this very thing[17].

That is why it is extremely important that we understand that By his wounds you were healed is, as I have already demonstrated, a reference to the slaves’ conversion when, because Jesus had died for their sins, they were healed from the spiritual wounds that sin inflicts and returned to the Shepherd of their souls.

As we turn now to what the New Testament teaches about healing we will consider first the ministry of Jesus as it is revealed in the four Gospels. We will take representative examples from each. In Matthew’s Gospel I have chosen the healings recorded in Matthew 8:1-17 because:

• After the general statement about Jesus’ healings in Matthew 4, this is the first record of specific healings found in Matthew.
• The passage appears to be fairly representative of the healings of Jesus recorded in Matthew.
• The specific healings recorded can teach us much about Jesus’ healing ministry.
• The passage concludes with the controversial quote from Isaiah 53 to which we shall return when we discuss healing in relation to the atonement in Part Two of this book.

This passage records the healing of a man with leprosy (vv.1-4), the healing of a centurion’s servant (vv. 5-13), and the healing of many, including Peter’s mother-in-law (vv. 14-17). We will deal with each of these in turn.

The Man with Leprosy (vv.1-4)

After the teaching Jesus gave in chapters 5-7, which is often referred to as The Sermon on the Mount, large crowds followed him as he came down from the mountainside (8:1). Then Matthew tells us that:

A man with leprosy came and knelt before him and said, “Lord, if you are willing, you can make me clean”. Jesus reached out his hand and touched the man. “I am willing”, he said. “Be clean!” Immediately he was cured of his leprosy (vv. 2-3).

To appreciate the full significance of this it is important that we understand certain things about leprosy. It was a highly contagious disease which at that time was medically incurable. Consequently lepers were the outcasts of society, being forced to live apart for fear that others might catch the disease (Leviticus 13:46).

The first thing to notice here is that the leper did not doubt Jesus’ ability to heal, but he was unsure if Jesus would be willing. His faith that Jesus could heal him was probably based on what he had already heard of Jesus’ miracle working ministry described briefly by Matthew in 4:23-24. It is sometimes said that to be healed we need to believe not only that God can heal us but also that he will. But the Bible nowhere states this and the leper’s healing seems to contradict such teaching.

Secondly, Jesus’ reply to the leper is noteworthy. I am willing, he says. In fact, his willingness to heal is evident right through this passage as we shall see when we come to examine the other healings recorded in Matthew 8. Indeed it is evident throughout the Gospels. However, it is especially noticeable here, as the leper is the only person mentioned in the New Testament who asks the Lord to heal him if it is his will. The fact that Jesus responds in the way he does, affirming that it is his will to heal, must surely suggest that that when praying for the sick we should always assume that it is God’s will to heal, for as we have said, in the person and ministry of Jesus we have the final revelation of the nature and purpose of God.

Next, it is important to notice the compassion of Jesus. He touches the leper! This was contrary to the Levitical law, but for Jesus love is the fulfilment of the law. It is difficult to imagine the emotional impact that his touch would have made upon the leper. We do not know how long he had had the disease, but ever since he contracted it few if any would have touched him. Now Jesus touches him. This may simply indicate that his power was often conveyed by a touch – cf. the healing of Peter’s mother-in-law in v. 15 – but it seems also to demonstrate Jesus’ love and concern for the marginalised in society.

But, of course, it is one thing to have compassion on the sick and to be willing to heal them. It is quite another to have the power to do so. As we will see in the next section, Jesus was a man under authority and his power to heal was directly related to that authority. He only acted in obedience to his Father. On one occasion, when challenged about his authority to heal, he replied:

I tell you the truth. The Son can do nothing by himself; he can only do what he sees the Father doing (John 5:19).

This was the secret of his authority and the power of his word. He lived in submission to his Father and he knew his Father’s will. So now to the leper he says, Be clean! And he is clean – immediately! One word from the Master is enough. When he commands, it is so! In fact, throughout this chapter, as we will see, Matthew is emphasising the power of the word of Jesus (cf. vv. 8, 16).

Finally, Jesus commands the man:

See that you don’t tell anyone. But go, show yourself to the priest and offer the gift Moses commanded as a testimony to them (v. 4).

See that you don’t tell anyone presumably means ‘Don’t tell anyone about this before you see the priest’. It cannot mean that he was never to tell anyone in the light of the words as a testimony to them later in the verse.

The instruction to go to the priest was in line with the command concerning lepers given in Leviticus 14:2-32. It was the priest who would certify the cure. So, as a testimony to them probably means ‘as evidence that you have been healed and may therefore be restored to the community rather than living apart’. Jesus was not just concerned with the man’s physical condition, but with his social and spiritual needs too. His healing meant full reintegration into society and admission to the synagogue from which he had been barred as unclean.

The Faith of the Centurion (vv. 5-13)

In the next passage Matthew records the healing of a centurion’s servant. He says:

5 When Jesus had entered Capernaum, a centurion came to him asking for help. 6 “Lord”, he said, “my servant lies at home paralysed and in terrible suffering. 7 Jesus said to him, “I will go and heal him”.  8 The centurion replied, “Lord, I do not deserve to have you come under my roof. But just say the word, and my servant will be healed. 9 For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. I tell this one, ‘Go’, and he goes; and that one, ‘Come’, and he comes. I say to my servant, ‘Do this’, and he does it” (Matthew 8:5-9).

On hearing this Jesus was amazed at the man’s faith (v.10) and told him, Go! It will be done just as you believed it would and his servant was healed at that very hour (v.13).

In some ways this passage teaches us lessons similar to those learnt from the healing of the leper. We notice again:

• Jesus’ willingness to heal (v. 7)
• The power of his word (vv. 8, 13)
• The immediacy of the healing (v. 13)

However, there are some added features in this story which are of great importance. These include:

• Jesus’ willingnessto heal a Gentile
• The secret of Jesus’ authority
• The role of faith.

Jesus’ willingness to heal a Gentile (vv. 7-8)

During his earthly life Jesus’ healing ministry was confined almost exclusively to Israel. This is clear from the record of his healings in the Gospels and from his statement in Matthew 15:24, I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel. However, when Gentiles came to him in faith he granted their request. When a Canaanite woman came to him asking for help for her daughter who was suffering terribly (Matthew 15:21-28), Jesus was amazed at her faith and healed her daughter, like the centurion’s servant, at a distance.

In the case of the centurion, Jesus actually states that he has not found anyone in Israel with such great faith (Matthew 8:10). He goes on to say:

I say to you that many will come from the east and west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven. But the subjects of the kingdom will be thrown outside… (Matthew 8:11-12).

This wonderfully illustrates the truth, later to be so clearly stated by the apostle Paul in his letters to the Galatians and Romans, that it is not our nationality or our physical ancestry which pleases God and makes us one of his children, but our faith. The healing of the centurion’s servant, therefore, points us forward to the end of the Gospel where Jesus, having died for the sins of the world, would commission his followers to go and make disciples of all nations (Matthew 28:19-20).

The secret of Jesus’ authority (vv. 8-9)

Jesus was amazed at the centurion’s faith apparently because he believed that Jesus could not only heal, but heal at a distance (v.8)! He also seemed to understand that one word from Jesus was enough. His reason for saying this was simple. He recognised that Jesus was a man under divine authority. As a Roman centurion he had one hundred men under his command. But his authority over those men sprang from the fact that he himself was under authority (v.9). If he had rebelled against the authority of the general at the head of his legion he would have been stripped of his rank and would have lost his authority over his men. He understood that to have authority one must first be under authority.

The fact that Matthew quotes the centurion in detail here shows that he intends us to understand that the centurion had accurately assessed the reason for Jesus’ authority. Jesus could do the miraculous things he did because he lived the whole of his life under the authority of his Father. Satan had tempted him to submit to his authority (Matthew 4:9) promising all the kingdoms of the world if Jesus would do so, but Jesus resisted the temptation and submitted himself to God’s will, even to death on a cross. That’s why, when he had finally accomplished the Father’s purpose, he was raised from the dead and could say in Matthew 28:18,

All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me!

The lesson is clear. If we want to have authority, we must be under God’s authority. We cannot take it. It must be given us by God. And he will only give it to those who are submitted to him.

The role of faith (vv. 10, 13)

The role of faith in healing is an extremely important subject and we will discuss it in more detail in Part Two of this book. For the present it will be helpful to draw a simple comparison between the healing of the leper and the healing of the centurion’s servant. In this connection, two things are noteworthy:

1. We noticed in the story of the healing of the leper that the man’s faith was limited to the belief that Jesus could heal him. He was not sure that he would. The centurion, however, clearly believed that his servant would be healed (v. 13).
2. In the case of the leper, it was the sick person himself who was exercising faith. In the story of the centurion’s servant the faith was exercised by the centurion, not by the sick servant.

This seems to suggest that, although faith is clearly an important element in healing, it would be unwise to be dogmatic as to how much faith is necessary for healing or who needs to exercise it. Interestingly, as we shall see in a moment, in the case of the healing of Peter’s mother-in-law, faith is not mentioned at all!

Jesus heals many (vv14-17)

In the final section of the passage we are considering, Matthew records the healing of Peter’s mother-in-law, followed by a summary of how, later in the day, Jesus healed all who were sick. This, he says, was to fulfil the prophecy of Isaiah 53:4,

He took up our infirmities and carried our diseases.

As we have already mentioned, there is no mention of faith in the healing of Peter’s mother-in-law. Matthew simply tells us:

When Jesus came into Peter’s house, he saw Peter’s mother-in-law lying in bed with a fever. He touched her hand and the fever left her, and she got up and began to wait on them (vv.14-15).

In Luke’s account we are told that it was a high fever and that Jesus bent over her. He also says that Jesus rebuked the fever (Luke 4:39). Matthew’s version, however, is rather more dramatic. Jesus comes in, sees the woman, touches her hand, and she gets well. By expressing it this way Matthew is emphasising again Jesus’ total authority. His touch, like his word, is enough. The healing is immediate and complete. She gets up and begins to wait on them.

In the evening, we are told, they brought many who were demon-possessed to him and he drove out the spirits with a word and healed all the sick (v. 16). Although, as we shall see later, there is sometimes a connection between demons and sickness, there is no need to assume that all sickness is caused by demons. In Matthew 4:24 a distinction is made between demon-possession and other afflictions, and here in 8:16 the natural way to read the verse is to understand that two distinct activities were taking place – demons were being cast out and the sick were being healed.

Two things are significant here. First, the demons were cast out with a word. It only takes one word from the Man with authority. Out! And the demons flee. So again Matthew is emphasising the power of the word of Jesus. Secondly, he stresses that Jesus healed all who were sick. This is a common theme in Matthew (cf. 4:23-24, 9:35). It undoubtedly provides further evidence of his willingness to heal. So in two short verses Matthew repeats the theme that we have already noted – Christ’s power to heal the sick and his willingness to do so.

But in verse 17 Matthew adds another reason. Jesus heals the sick in order to fulfil what was prophesied in the Old Testament. Jesus is portrayed throughout Matthew as the fulfilment of all Israel’s hopes and ideals and Matthew quotes frequently from the Old Testament to show that Jesus is the One for whom they had been so long waiting.

Later we will consider in more detail the significance of this quotation when we discuss whether Jesus carried our sickness on the cross. For now it should be sufficient to point out that Matthew does not quote Isaiah 53 in the context of Jesus’ atoning death, but of his healing ministry in Galilee.

Conclusion

In this short passage from Matthew’s Gospel we have learnt many lessons about healing. Because Jesus was always submitted to his Father’s authority, and because he came to demonstrate the love and compassion of God, he was both willing and able with a simple word of command, to heal all who came to him, whether Jew or Gentile, and where necessary to make possible their reintegration into society. In doing so he demonstrated that he truly was the Christ. More importantly, he revealed the loving heart of God for suffering humanity.

Seven Key Truths about Jesus

Talk 7: His Second Coming

So far:

Virgin birth

Sinless life

Substitutionary atoning death

Bodily resurrection

Triumphant ascension

Abiding intercession

We must now turn our attention to an event which has yet to take place in world history – the second coming of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.

The fact of his coming

Our certainty about the second coming of Christ is based upon the definite statements of the word of God.

The apostles and leaders of the early church taught very clearly that Christ would return.

James tells us that the Lord’s coming is near (James 5:8)

Peter assures his readers that the day of the Lord will come (2 Peter 3:10)

Jude declares The Lord is coming (Jude 14)

It is Paul, however, who gives us the details:

For the Lord himself will come down from heaven with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet-call of God…

(1 Thessalonians 4:16).

In the light of this glorious prospect, John, exiled on Patmos, cried Amen, come Lord Jesus (Revelation 22:20).

The apostles’ certainty that Christ would return was undoubtedly based on three main facts

1. They were directed by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit as they wrote the scriptures

2. They remembered the promise of the angels at the ascension:

This same Jesus who has been taken from you into heaven will come in the same way as you have seen him go into heaven (Acts 1:11).

They were sure he would come because they had seen him go.

3. They had his personal promise that they would do so:

I am going to prepare a place for you, and if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and take you to be with me (John 14:2-3).

The Son of Man is going to come in his Father’s glory with his holy angels (Matthew 16:27, Mark 8:38, Luke 9:26)

We may be quite sure that Jesus is coming

It is promised by the apostles, by the angels, and by Jesus himself.

The nature of his coming

There are considerable differences of opinion among Bible-believing Christians as to the precise nature of the second coming of Christ

But certain facts about the return of our Lord must be accepted if we are to be consistent in our belief in the authority of scripture

The statement of the angels at the ascension (Acts 1:11) is sufficient evidence alone that the return of Christ will be personal, physical, and visible

Jesus will return personally for it will be ‘this same Jesus’. It will be ‘the Lord himself’ who will descend from heaven (1 Thessalonians 4:16).

Jesus will return physically, for he is coming ‘in the same way’ as they saw him go. He will descend with the same resurrection body with which they saw him ascend.

And Jesus will return visibly, for he will return ‘in the same way as you have seen him go’

The early disciples were privileged to see him go into heaven

How marvellous to consider that we may very well be among those who are privileged to see him return!

The purpose of his coming

As we examine the New Testament there seem to be five main purposes of our Lord’s return.

1. He is coming for his church

1 Thessalonians 4:16-17 tells us that when the Lord returns

the dead in Christ will rise first. After that we who are still alive and are left will be caught up with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air; and so we will be with the Lord for ever.

2. He is coming for the destruction of death

In 1 Corinthians 15:51-57 Paul gives us another description of the events which will take place when the trumpet sounds

Then, he says, the saying that is written will come true: Death has been swallowed up in victory (v.54).

3. He is coming to judge the world.

Those who have rejected him will be judged, for the Lord Jesus will be

revealed from heaven with his powerful angels in blazing fire. He will punish those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. They will be punished with everlasting destruction, shut out from the presence of the Lord and the majesty of his power

(2 Thessalonians 1:7-9).

Christians, of course, will not be judged for their sins

Our sins were judged at Calvary

However, there is to be a judgment for Christians which is related to reward for service (1 Corinthians 3:11-15).

4. He is coming as king

He is coming to reign (Revelation 20:4, 6)

Paul tells us that Jesus must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet

(1 Corinthians 15:25)

The kingdoms of this world are to become the kingdom of our God and of his Christ and He shall reign for ever and ever (Revelation 11:15).

5. He is coming to make all things new

There will be no more death, no more sorrow, or crying, or any more pain; they will all have passed away (Revelation 21:4-5)

There are to be new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness will dwell (2 Peter 3:13)

What a wonderful promise! What a blessed hope! Thank God, Jesus is coming!

Preparation for his coming

In the light of this divine revelation, the Bible tells us that we must be prepared

It is not for us to know the times or the seasons which the Father has put under his own authority (Acts 1:7)

Jesus says that no one knows the day or hour when he will come again (Mark 13:32)

The day of the Lord will be as unexpected as a thief in the night

(1 Thessalonians 5:2)

We do not need to know the time of his coming

But we do need to be ready

In Matthew 24:42-51 Jesus warns us of the dangers of those who say, ‘My master is staying away a long time’

In the next chapter he tells us that we are to be ready by keeping watch (v.13)

We are to be ready by making sure that we are using faithfully the talents which the Lord has entrusted to our care (Matthew 25:14-30)

If we do, we may be sure that we too will hear the commendation of our Lord when he comes:

Well done, good and faithful servant… come and share your master’s happiness.

Seven Key Truths about Jesus

Talk 6: His Abiding Intercession

The heavenly ministry of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ is closely connected with the subject of his ascension into heaven which we considered last time.

It would be a mistake to imagine that when Jesus cried It is finished on the cross he had done all that he ever could do for his people

Certainly his work as a substitute and a sacrifice for our sins was complete.

But his resurrection, ascension and glorification were in a very real sense for us and form an important part of our salvation.

Romans 5:10 tells us that we are not only saved by his death on Calvary, but that he continues to save us by the power of his life.

The Bible indicates three main ways in which he does so:

Mediator, Intercessor, Advocate

Christ is our mediator

By his death upon the cross the Lord Jesus Christ atoned for our sins. He bore on our behalf the punishment that our sins deserved. He paid the price of our redemption. By his death we are reconciled to God. Jesus died as our saviour, our substitute, our sin-bearer. Now he lives as our mediator.

When two countries have been at war and cannot come to peace on agreeable terms, a representative from a third country, not involved in the fighting, will sometimes act as a ‘go-between’ or mediator between the two sides.

We were God’s enemies because of our sin, but Jesus has not only died to save us from sin’s consequences, but lives to keep us in right relationship with God.

1 Timothy 2:5 tells us that there is one God, and one mediator between God and mankind, the man Christ Jesus.

It is through Jesus and Jesus alone that we have access to the Father, for it is he alone who has died to save us and it is he alone who lives to keep us.

Christ is our intercessor

But Jesus does not only live to act as our mediator at God’s right hand. He is also there as our intercessor.

He is able to save completely those who come to God through him because he always lives to intercede for them (Hebrews 7:25).

While he was here on earth he offered up prayers and petitions with loud cries and tears (Hebrews 5:7).

Now he is in heaven Jesus is constantly praying for us!

He has entered into heaven itself, now to appear for us in God’s presence (Hebrews 9:24).

Why is Jesus in the presence of God? For us! Why is he at God’s right hand? To intercede for us!

Of course he is there by virtue of his own sovereign right. He is at God’s right hand because he is King of Kings and Lord of Lords! He is there because he rules the universe and because the kingdoms of this world shall become the kingdoms of our God and of his Christ and he shall reign for ever and ever!

But he is also there for us!

          He ever lives above

          For me to intercede

          His all-redeeming love

          His precious blood to plead

          His blood atoned for all our race

          And sprinkles now the throne of grace.

          The Father hears him pray

          His dear Anointed One

          He cannot turn away the presence of His Son

With confidence I now draw nigh

          And ‘Father, Abba, Father’ cry.

Christ is our advocate

As our mediator Jesus has brought about our reconciliation to God

As our intercessor he is constantly praying for us

As our advocate he defends us against the false accusations of Satan.

Peter tells us that our enemy the devil prowls around like a roaring lion looking for someone to devour (1 Peter 5:8).

Revelation 12:10 suggests that his role is that of an accuser. It seems as though he is allowed to appear in the court of heaven as a kind of counsel for the prosecution.

With a little sanctified imagination let us picture the scene.

The heavenly judge, the judge of all the earth, is seated upon his throne.

The prisoner on trial is charged with transgressing the eternal law, the word of God. We tremble as we remember that like the prisoner, we too have sinned and come short of the glory of God.

It is appointed unto us once to die and after death, the judgment.

The prosecution begins his case. It is extremely lengthy, but clear and convincing. The prisoner’s whole life seems under review. Sin after sin is listed – catalogues of transgressions! Surely the verdict must be guilty.

At last the Prosecution brings his case to a conclusion. He insists that he has established the guilt of the prisoner. He reminds the judge of the eternal law: The soul that sins shall surely die. The prisoner trembles. The Prosecution demands the sentence of eternal death.

In desperation the prisoner turns to his advocate, the counsel for the defence.

Our heavenly lawyer takes his stand before the judge.

He acknowledges the prisoner’s guilt.

He does not seek to contest the charge brought against him.

It is true that the prisoner is guilty. He deserves to die.

Satan the accuser rubs his hands in glee – another victim!

But what is the defence saying?

It is true that the prisoner is guilty, but his advocate demands his release!

The punishment for the crimes of which he is guilty has already been taken.

It has been borne by another.

The advocate approaches the judge and kneels before him.

He stretches out his arms and shows him his hands.

The nail-prints are still visible.

The price has been paid. The prisoner is free.

In horror Satan recoils from the sight.

The nail-prints are the symbols of his greatest defeat.

The accuser has been overcome once again by the blood of the Lamb (Revelation 12:10-11).

He quits the courts of heaven and returns to his appointed place.

The court is silent as the advocate speaks to the prisoner:

Where is your accuser? Has no one condemned you? Then neither do I condemn you.

The prisoner is pardoned.

He was demonstrably guilty and deserving of death, but he called upon the only advocate who could save him.

No other defence is adequate against the accusations of the adversary.

But, thank God, no other defence is necessary.

We have an advocate with the Father (1 John 2:1).

His name is Jesus.

Seven Key Truths about Jesus

Talk 4: His Bodily Resurrection

This talk will be divided into two parts:

1. The evidence for the resurrection
2. The implications of the resurrection

1 I have titled The Most Important Question in the World

2 I have titled Ten Truths from the Empty Tomb

1. The Most Important Question in the World

(Taken from Nicky Gumbel’s Bible Reading Plan 2019)

The brilliant professor of philosophy at London University, C.E.M. Joad, was not a Christian. He was asked on a radio programme, ‘If you could meet any person from the past and ask them just one question, whom would you meet and what question would you ask?’

Professor Joad answered without hesitation: ‘I would meet Jesus Christ and ask him the most important question in the world – “Did you or did you not rise from the dead?”’

There came a day in Professor Joad’s life when he assessed the evidence, encountered Jesus himself and wrote a book called, Recovery of Belief. If Jesus Christ is risen from the dead, this changes everything.

The resurrection isn’t just an historical fact or religious idea; it is a life-changing reality. God promises that as you go about fulfilling his commission, the presence of the resurrected Jesus goes with you.

In Matthew 28, when the women see the empty tomb the angel tells them, ‘He is not here; he has risen… you will see him’ (vv.6–7).

Filled with ‘great joy’ they ran to tell the disciples. As they did so, ‘Jesus met them’ (v.9). They experienced the presence of the risen Jesus (vv.8–10), ‘clasped his feet’ (v.9) and worshipped him as God (vv.9b,17a).

The attempts of others to explain away the empty tomb began very early on (v.13) and, in spite of all the evidence, not everyone believed (v.17b). It was suggested that ‘his disciples… stole him away while [the soldiers] were asleep’ (v.13). Some people still postulate this explanation. But it does not fit the evidence:

The disciples were discouraged and frightened. Only the miracle of the resurrection could have transformed them

They did not expect Jesus to rise from the dead. They had no motive to steal the body

The tomb was heavily guarded (27:62–66)

They were not the only ones who saw Jesus. Many others saw him after the resurrection and interacted with him over a period of forty days (Acts 1:3; 1 Corinthians 15:6)

If the disciples did steal the body, their whole lives thereafter were based on a lie. My friend Ian Walker, a Cambridge scientist, became a Christian because he could not believe that the disciples would have been willing to be tortured and put to death for something they would have known was not true.

It really is true. Jesus is risen. Death and burial are not the end. In Christ, you too will be raised from the dead.

2. Ten Truths from the Empty Tomb

5 Truths About GOD

The Existence of God

1 Peter 1:21

Though Him you believe in God who raised Him from the dead and glorified Him, and so your faith and hope are in God.

The Word of God

Acts 2:24-25

God raised Him from the dead, freeing Him from the pains of death, because it was not possible for death to keep its hold on Him

FOR (AV) David said about Him… (Ps. 16)

The Power of God

Eph. 1:18-20

I pray… that you may know…his incomparably great power for us who believe. That power is like the working of his mighty strength, which He exerted in Christ when He raised Him from the dead

The Son of God

Romans 1:4

Declared with power to be the Son of God by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord

The Judgment (Day) of God

Acts 17:31

He has set a day when he will judge the world with justice by the man he has appointed. He has given proof of this to all men by raising him from the dead

5 Truths about the Christian

We have been born again

1 Peter 1:3-4

He has given us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, and into an inheritance…

We are accounted righteous

Romans 4:24-25

God will credit righteousness for us who believe in Him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead. He was delivered over to death for our sins and was raised to life for our justification

We are continually being saved

Romans 5:9-10

Since we have been justified by his blood, how much more shall be saved from God’s wrath through Him. For if when we were sinners we were reconciled by his death, how much more shall we be reconciled by his life?

Romans 8:34

Christ was raised to life and is interceding for us.

We walk in newness of life

Romans 6:4

As Christ was raised from the dead, we too may live a new life

Romans 7:4

…raised from the dead in order that we might bear fruit to God

We will rise from the dead (firstfruits)

1 Thessalonians 4:14

…Jesus died and rose again…God will bring with Jesus those who have fallen asleep in Him

2 Corinthians 4:14

We know that the One who raised the Lord Jesus Christ from the dead will also raise us with Jesus, and will bring us with you into his presence.

Seven key truths about Jesus                   

Talk 3: His atoning death

Of the 89 chapters of the Gospels, no fewer than 30 (i.e. over one third) centre around the death of Christ. The gospel by which we are saved is that

Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures (1 Corinthians 15:1-4)

We believe in the substitutionary, atoning death of the Lord Jesus Christ

We’ll start with the meaning of atonement

The word atonement is best understood if we break it into three parts:  at-one-ment

This is the root Anglo-Saxon meaning of the word. To atone is to make ‘at one’

The death of Christ is an atoning death because it makes sinners at one with God

But why was it necessary?

The Bible teaches that it is our sins that have separated us from God (Isaiah 59:1-2)

We can only be brought back to God if our sins are dealt with

No one is excluded from this because:

• all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23).
• There is no one who does not sin (1 Kings 8:46).
• There is no one who does good, no not one (Psalm 14:3).
• There is not a righteous man on the earth who does what is right and never sins (Ecclesiastes 7:20).
• No one is good except God (Mark 10:18).
• If we claim to be without sin, we deceive ourselves (1 John 1:8).
• The whole world is a prisoner to sin (Galatians 3:22).

Sin is an offence to God who is holy

• His eyes are too pure to look on evil (Habakkuk 1:13)

Sin separates us from God

• Our sins have hidden his face from us (Isaiah 59:2)
• The Lord is far from the wicked (Proverbs 15:29)

Unless our sins are dealt with, our separation from God will be eternal

Jesus himself talked about:

• hell fire (Matthew 5:22)
• outer darkness (Matthew 8:12)
• eternal punishment (Matthew 25:46)

Paul tells us that:

• the wages of sin is death (Romans 6:23)
• and that the wrath of God is coming (Colossians 3:6)
• The Lord Jesus will be revealed from heaven in blazing fire with his powerful angels. He will punish those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. They will be punished with everlasting destruction, and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the majesty of his power (2 Thessalonians 1:7-9).

Sin is serious:

• It separates from God
• We have all sinned
• We are all separated from God
• There is nothing we can do
• We all need a Saviour

How atonement was made possible

When God first revealed to man the need for atonement, he made the means of atonement quite clear:

It is the blood that makes atonement (Leviticus 17:11)

This is not just an Old Testament principle. It is carried over into the New. It is eternally valid:

Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness (Hebrews 9:22).

This is why Christ died. This is why he shed his blood.

He made peace through the blood of his cross in order to reconcile us sinners to God (Colossians 1:20)

He did this by offering himself as a sacrifice to God (Ephesians 5:2)

He is the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world (John 1:29)

This was the purpose of his death. He bore our sins in his own body on the cross (1 Peter 2:24)

Christ’s death was also substitutionary

Christ died for us. His death counts as our death. He died in our place

Because of our sin, we should die. Instead, Christ has died for us

• He was wounded for our transgressions (Isaiah 53:5)
• He suffered for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring us to God (1 Peter 3:18)

We deserved to die because of our sin, but because he loved us, he came and died in our place, as our substitute, that we might live.

The results of the atonement

By his atoning death upon the cross of Calvary, Jesus has made the way open for every sinner to come to God. He died for all. He has no favourites. There is no respect of persons with God:

Whoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved

The offer of God’s forgiveness is open to all, but it is only received by those who accept it in repentance and faith. Those who will not repent will perish (Luke 13:5), because

Jesus is the only way of salvation (John 14:6)

But to those who have accepted his offer of mercy amazing privileges are given

• Our sins are forgiven
• God’s wrath is removed
• We are no longer his enemies (Romans 5:10)
• He declares us righteous – looks on us as though we had never sinned at all!
• We are adopted into his family
• We already have the rights of sons (Galatians 4:4-7)

But there’s more to come!

1 John 3:1-2

How great is the love the Father has lavished on us, that we should be called children of God! And that is what we are! …Dear friends, now we are children of God, and what we will be has not yet been made known, but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is!

What a glorious destiny! And all because Jesus died for us.